Poor in spirit: Difference between revisions

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: '''"Blessed [are] the [[poor in spirit]]: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."''' Matthew 5:3
: '''"Blessed [are] the [[poor in spirit]]: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven."''' Matthew 5:3


The poor in spirit are not the same as the poor.
First, we should note that the word rendered ''blessed''(μακαριοι) in [[Matthew 5]], "properly means happy"<Ref>Benson Commentary</Ref> and is not the same as the term we see  used in [[Matthew 23]]:39(Εὐλογημένος Eulogēmenos)<Ref>[[Matthew 23]]:39 "For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord."</Ref> nor [[Matthew 25]]:34(εὐλογημένοι eulogēmenoi)<Ref>[[Matthew 25]]:34 "Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:"</Ref>. In '''Matthew 5''' we see the Greek term Makarioi (Μακάριοι)<Ref name="makarios">{{3107}}</Ref> for "happy" repeated as [[Blessed]].


The word we see as ''poor'' is ''ptochos''<Ref> 4434 ~πτωχός~ ptochos \@pto-khos’\@
The poor <Ref name="ptochos">{{4434}}</Ref> in spirit are not the same as the poor.
from ~πτωσσω~ ptosso (to crouch, akin to 4422 and the alternate of  4098);  adj  AV-poor 30, beggar 2, poor man 1, beggarly 1; 34
 
: 1) reduced to beggary, begging, asking alms
The [[Poor in spirit]] is often translated in many bibles as just "the poor" yet in almost every original text written Matthew writes in the Greek "πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι" meaning "the poor<Ref name="ptochos">{{4434}}</Ref> in spirit<Ref name="pneuma">{{4151}}</Ref>" which is not  the same as the poor financially.
: 2) destitute of wealth, influence, position, honour
 
::    2a) lowly, afflicted, destitute of the Christian virtues and    eternal riches
The word we see as ''poor'' is ''ptochos''<Ref name="ptochos">{{4434}}</Ref> from  root ptoeo or pipto, a beggar, one who is destitute, a pauper and is related to the idea that someone has "fallen down" so that they have become ''afflicted'' or ''destitute''.
::    2b) helpless, powerless to accomplish an end
::    2c) poor, needy
: 3) lacking in anything
::    3a) as respects their spirit
:::          3a1) destitute of wealth of learning and intellectual culture        which the schools afford (men of this class most readily      give themselves up to Christ’s teaching and proved    themselves fitted to lay hold of the heavenly treasure) For Synonyms see entry 5870</Ref> from  root ptoeo or pipto, a beggar, one who is destitute, a pauper and is related to the idea that someone has "fallen down" so that they have become ''afflicted'' or ''destitute''.


It can be translated ''beggar'' or ''beggarly''. To be poor in spirit is someone who is a beggar in the sense they know they need help and are willing to ask for that help.
It can be translated ''beggar'' or ''beggarly''. To be poor in spirit is someone who is a beggar in the sense they know they need help and are willing to ask for that help.
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That is a common theme in the teachings of Jesus Christ.
That is a common theme in the teachings of Jesus Christ.
   
   
: Matthew 21:22  And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.
: [[Matthew 21]]:22  And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.
: John 16:24  Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full.
: John 16:24  Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full.


James 4:1  From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence, even of your lusts that war in your members?
[[James 4]]:1  From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence, even of your lusts that war in your members?
2  Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask not.
2  Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask not.
3  Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts.
3  Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts.

Revision as of 12:18, 8 October 2023

"Blessed [are] the poor in spirit: for theirs is the kingdom of heaven." Matthew 5:3

First, we should note that the word rendered blessed(μακαριοι) in Matthew 5, "properly means happy"[1] and is not the same as the term we see used in Matthew 23:39(Εὐλογημένος Eulogēmenos)[2] nor Matthew 25:34(εὐλογημένοι eulogēmenoi)[3]. In Matthew 5 we see the Greek term Makarioi (Μακάριοι)[4] for "happy" repeated as Blessed.

The poor [5] in spirit are not the same as the poor.

The Poor in spirit is often translated in many bibles as just "the poor" yet in almost every original text written Matthew writes in the Greek "πτωχοὶ τῷ πνεύματι" meaning "the poor[5] in spirit[6]" which is not the same as the poor financially.

The word we see as poor is ptochos[5] from root ptoeo or pipto, a beggar, one who is destitute, a pauper and is related to the idea that someone has "fallen down" so that they have become afflicted or destitute.

It can be translated beggar or beggarly. To be poor in spirit is someone who is a beggar in the sense they know they need help and are willing to ask for that help.

That is a common theme in the teachings of Jesus Christ.

Matthew 21:22 And all things, whatsoever ye shall ask in prayer, believing, ye shall receive.
John 16:24 Hitherto have ye asked nothing in my name: ask, and ye shall receive, that your joy may be full.

James 4:1 From whence come wars and fightings among you? come they not hence, even of your lusts that war in your members? 2 Ye lust, and have not: ye kill, and desire to have, and cannot obtain: ye fight and war, yet ye have not, because ye ask not. 3 Ye ask, and receive not, because ye ask amiss, that ye may consume it upon your lusts. 4 Ye adulterers and adulteresses, know ye not that the friendship of the world is enmity with God? whosoever therefore will be a friend of the world is the enemy of God. 5 Do ye think that the scripture saith in vain, The spirit that dwelleth in us lusteth to envy? 6 But he giveth more grace. Wherefore he saith, God resisteth the proud, but giveth grace unto the humble.

1 John 3:22 And whatsoever we ask, we receive of him, because we keep his commandments, and do those things that are pleasing in his sight.

To be poor in spirit would be the antithesis of the entitlement mind set.

But there is another place we see this reference to the poor that is blessed by God. But to understand the reference in context you must look at who is being spoken to and why they are singled out for this blessing. In Luke 6:20 Jesus is talking specifically to His disciples "And he lifted up his eyes on his disciples, and said, Blessed [be ye] poor: for yours is the kingdom of God."

Jesus had already made a number of requirements for his disciples.[7] including what might be called a "vow of poverty".[8]

While Jesus likely knew Greek it is well accepted the sermon on the mount was given in Aramaic. The Aramaic idiom Miskaneh can be used to describe someone "who voluntarily gives up all material things for a spiritual benefit". Or in other words becoming materially poor to become spiritually rich.

As bond servants of Christ and servants of His Kingdom of God they had the beggarly spirit that Christ would bless and had forsaken all that that they had.

Was Jesus rich? Jesus was said to be rich by Paul but gave up his wealth to be minister to the people.[9]

The poor in spirit would be ‘miskaneh brooh’ in Aramaic which would represent a figure of speech meaning “not prideful” or the reverse of “wantonness”.


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Footnotes

  1. ↑ Benson Commentary
  2. ↑ Matthew 23:39 "For I say unto you, Ye shall not see me henceforth, till ye shall say, Blessed is he that cometh in the name of the Lord."
  3. ↑ Matthew 25:34 "Then shall the King say unto them on his right hand, Come, ye blessed of my Father, inherit the kingdom prepared for you from the foundation of the world:"
  4. ↑ 3107 μακάριος makarios [mak-ar’-ee-os] a prolonged form of the poetical makar (meaning the same); adj; TDNT- 4:362,548; [{See TDNT 459 }] AV-blessed 44, happy 5, happier 1; 50
    1) blessed, happy
    • The ancient Greek adjective for "blessed" or "happy" is makarios, "which was originally used to describe those who lived in another world." They had "had achieved a state of happiness and contentment in life that was beyond all cares, labors, and even death." The verb makaeizo means "count as happy" or as a noun makarismos has a definition of "a declaration of blessedness" in its "Usage: regarding as happy, blessed, or enviable" while others see it as a "happy calling, the act of pronouncing happy" or "regarding as happy blessed or enviable".
    • * Distinguished from the Greek noun eulogia also said to mean "blessed", adj. 2127 eulogeo or v. 2128 eulogetos, n. 2129 eulogia = to praise...to consecrate,.
  5. ↑ 5.0 5.1 5.2 4434 ~πτωχός~ ptochos \@pto-khos’\@ from ~πτωσσω~ ptosso (to crouch, akin to 4422 ptoeo to terrify and the alternate of 4098 pipto to descend from a higher place to a lower; adj AV-poor 30, beggar 2, poor man 1, beggarly 1; 34
    1) reduced to beggary, begging, asking alms
    2) destitute of wealth, influence, position, honour
    2a) lowly, afflicted, destitute of the Christian virtues and eternal riches
    2b) helpless, powerless to accomplish an end
    2c) poor, needy
    3) lacking in anything
    3a) as respects their spirit
    3a1) destitute of wealth of learning and intellectual culture which the schools afford (men of this class most readily give themselves up to Christ’s teaching and proved themselves fitted to lay hold of the heavenly treasure) For Synonyms see entry 5870
    See Definition for πένης 3993-one who is so poor he earns his bread by daily labour
    See Definition for πτωχός 4434-one who only obtains his living by begging
  6. ↑ 4151 ~πνεῦμα~ pneuma \@pnyoo’-mah\@ from 4154; 643} n n AV-Spirit 111, (Holy) Ghost 89, Spirit (of God) 13, Spirit (of the Lord) 5, (My) Spirit 3, Spirit (of truth) 3, Spirit (of Christ) 2, human (spirit) 49, (evil) spirit 47, spirit (general) 26, spirit 8, (Jesus’ own) spirit 6, (Jesus’ own) ghost 2, misc 21; 385
    1) the third person of the triune God, the Holy Spirit, coequal, coeternal with the Father and the Son
    1a) sometimes referred to in a way which emphasises his personality and character (the Holy Spirit)
    1b) sometimes referred to in a way which emphasises his work and power (the Spirit of Truth)
    1c) never referred to as a depersonalised force
    2) the spirit, i.e. the vital principal by which the body is animated
    2a) the rational spirit, the power by which the human being feels, thinks, decides
    2b) the soul
    3) a spirit, i.e. a simple essence, devoid of all or at leastall grosser matter, and possessed of the power of knowing, desiring, deciding, and acting
    3a) a life giving spirit
    3b) a human soul that has left the body
    3c) a spirit higher than man but lower than God, i.e. an angel
    3c1) used of demons, or evil spirits, who were conceived as inhabiting the bodies of men
    3c2) the spiritual nature of Christ, higher than the highest angels and equal to God, the divine nature of Christ
    4) the disposition or influence which fills and governs the soul of any one
    4a) the efficient source of any power, affection, emotion, desire, etc.
    5) a movement of air (a gentle blast)
    5a) of the wind, hence the wind itself
    5b) breath of nostrils or mouth For Synonyms see entry 5923
  7. ↑ Luke 14:26 If any man come to me, and hate not his father, and mother, and wife, and children, and brethren, and sisters, yea, and his own life also, he cannot be my disciple. Luke 14:27 And whosoever doth not bear his cross, and come after me, cannot be my disciple.
  8. ↑ Luke 14:33 So likewise, whosoever he be of you that forsaketh not all that he hath, he cannot be my disciple.
  9. ↑ 2 Corinthians 8:9 For ye know the grace of our Lord Jesus Christ, that, though he was rich, yet for your sakes he became poor, that ye through his poverty might be rich.


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