Hymenaeus

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Hymenaeus and Alexander(1 Timothy 1:20) evidently had professed a faith in Christ at one point, but that “faith” was seen as a shipwreck. The wreck was cause by, if we look at 1 Timothy 1 Verse 19 by not "Holding faith, and a good conscience". They refused to allow others to simply the following of the dictates of conscience and were seen as walking according to the flesh and not the Spirit (Romans 8:5–9), behaving like unbelievers.

The people of Ephesus for the most part preferred covetous practices of their temple system and would be seen as infidels. If they did not live by "charity out of a pure heart, and of a good conscience, and of faith unfeigned:"[1] Paul would have to see them as commended to the adversary, Satan.

They had not fully "renounced the hidden things of dishonesty[2], not walking in craftiness[3], nor handling[4]the word of God deceitfully[4]; but by manifestation[5] of the truth[6] commending[7] ourselves to every man’s conscience[8] in the sight of God." 2 Corinthians 4

  • 1 Timothy 5:8 "But if any provide not for his own, and specially for those of his own house, he hath denied the faith, and is worse than an infidel."[9]."

Since, the welfare of the temple at Ephesus was a snare and a trap and would make the word of God to none effect Christians seduced by such vain ideologies would be counted as a wreck.


  • 2 Corinthians 6:15 "And what concord hath Christ with Belial? or what part hath he that believeth with an infidel?"

Albert Barnes wrote, “People become infidels because they wish to indulge in sin. No man can be a sensualist, and yet love that gospel which enjoins purity of life. If people would keep a good conscience,(commending others to do the same) the way to a steady belief in the gospel would be easy. If people will not, they must expect sooner or later to be landed in infidelity.”[9]

Hymenaeus and Philetus(2 Timothy 2:17) were doing a most serious injury to the church by their teaching.

The injury was not merely their ideas about the resurrection which were common among the Sadducees but the corruption of the hears that they might not be Doers of the Word:

2 Timothy 2:14 ¶ Of these things put them in remembrance, charging them before the Lord that they strive not about words to no profit, but to the subverting of the hearers.
15 Study[10] to shew thyself approved unto God, a workman that needeth not to be ashamed, rightly dividing the word of truth.
16 But shun profane and vain babblings: for they will increase unto more ungodliness.
17 And their word will eat as doth a canker: of whom is Hymenaeus and Philetus;
18 Who concerning the truth have erred, saying that the resurrection is past already; and overthrow the faith of some.

Hymenæus and Philetus, and especially with the infamous influence Sadducee school who did not believe in the immortality of the soul. Some ascetic Jewish sects of Essenes and Therapeutæ had other doctrines about the soul. Sadducees which attracted many of the cultured and wealthy Jews.

HYMENAEUS is pertaining to Hymen and is the god of marriage and appears in 2 Timothy 2:17. They "rejecting conscience", had made shipwreck[11] of their faith (1 Tim 1:20). Paul’s delivery of them to Satan has been much discussed (cf. 1 Corinthians 5:5).

  1. ↑ 505 ἀνυπόκριτος anupokritos [an-oo-pok’-ree-tos] from 1 (as a negative particle) and a presumed derivative of 5271 to simulate, feign, pretend; adj; TDNT-8:570,1235; [{See TDNT 819 }] AV-unfeigned 4, without dissimulation 1, without hypocrisy 1; 6
    1) unfeigned, undisguised, sincere
  2. ↑ 2927 κρυπτός kruptos [kroop-tos’] or κρυφαίος kruphaios [kroof-ay’-os] from 2928 krupto to conceal (that it may not become known); adj; TDNT-3:957,476; [{See TDNT 414 }] AV-secret 12, hid 3, hidden 3, inwardly 1; 19
    1) hidden, concealed, secret
  3. ↑ 3834 πανουργία panourgia [pan-oorg-ee’-ah] from 3835 panourgos skilful, clever; n f; TDNT-5:722,770; [{See TDNT 586 }] AV-craftiness 3, subtlety 1, cunning craftiness 1; 5
    1) craftiness, cunning
    2) a specious or false wisdom
    3) in a good sense, prudence, skill, in undertaking and carrying on affairs
  4. ↑ 4.0 4.1 1389 δολόω doloo [dol-o’-o] from 1388 dol craft, deceit, guile; v; AV-handle  …  deceitfully 1; 1
    1) to ensnare
    2) to corrupt
    • For Synonyms see entry 5929
  5. ↑ 5321 φανέρωσις phanerosis [fan-er’-o-sis] from 5319 phaneroo make known; n f; TDNT-9:6,1244; [{See TDNT 824 }] AV-manifestation 2; 2
    1) manifestation
  6. ↑ 225 ἀλήθεια aletheia [al-ay’-thi-a] from 227 alethes true, loving the truth,; n f; TDNT-1:232,37; [{See TDNT 49 }] AV-truth 107, truly + 1909 1, true 1, verity 1; 110
    1) objectively
    1a) what is true in any matter under consideration
    1a1) truly, in truth, according to truth
    1a2) of a truth, in reality, in fact, certainly
    1b) what is true in things appertaining to God and the duties of man, moral and religious truth
    1b1) in the greatest latitude
    1b2) the true notions of God which are open to human reason without his supernatural intervention
    1c) the truth as taught in the Christian religion, respecting God and the execution of his purposes through Christ, and respecting the duties of man, opposing alike to the superstitions of the Gentiles and the inventions of the Jews, and the corrupt opinions and precepts of false teachers even among Christians
    2) subjectively
    2a) truth as a personal excellence
    2a1) that candour of mind which is free from affection, pretence, simulation, falsehood, deceit
  7. ↑ 4921 συνιστάω sunistao [soon-is-tah’-o] or (strengthened) συνιστάνω sunistano [soon-is-tan’-o] or συνίστημι sunistemi [soon-is’-tay-mee] from 4862 sun with and 2476 histemi to cause or make to stand,(including its collat. forms); v; TDNT- 7:896,1120; [{See TDNT 772 }] AV-commend 10, approve 2, consist 1, make 1, stand 1, stand with 1; 16
    1) to place together, to set in the same place, to bring or band together
    1a) to stand with (or near)
    2) to set one with another
    2a) by way of presenting or introducing him
    2b) to comprehend
    3) to put together by way of composition or combination, to teach by combining and comparing
    3a) to show, prove, establish, exhibit
    4) to put together, unite parts into one whole
    4a) to be composed of, consist
  8. ↑ 4893 ~συνείδησις~ suneidesis \@soon-i’-day-sis\@ from a prolonged form of 4894 "to understand with others"; n f AV-conscience 32; 32
    1) the consciousness of anything
    2) the soul as distinguishing between what is morally good and bad, prompting to do the former and shun the latter, commending one, condemning the other
    2a) the conscience
  9. ↑ 9.0 9.1 571 ἄπιστος apistos [ap’-is-tos] from 1 (as a negative particle) and 4103 pistos; adj; TDNT-6:174,849; [{See TDNT 634 }] AV-that believe not 6, unbelieving 5, faithless 4, unbeliever 4, infidel 2, thing incredible 1, which believe not 1; 23
    1) unfaithful, faithless, (not to be trusted, perfidious)
    2) incredible
    2a) of things
    3) unbelieving, incredulous
    3a) without trust (in God)
  10. ↑ 4704 ~σπουδάζω~ spoudazo \@spoo-dad’-zo\@ from 4710; TDNT-7:559,1069; {See TDNT 735} v AV-endeavour 3, do diligence 2, be diligent 2, give diligence 1, be forward 1, labour 1, study 1; 11
    1) to hasten, make haste
    2) to exert one’s self, endeavour, give diligence
  11. ↑ 3489 ναυαγέω nauageo [now-ag-eh’-o] from a compound of 3491 and 71; v; TDNT-4:891,627; [{See TDNT 515 }] AV-suffer shipwreck 1, make shipwreck 1; 2
    1) to suffer shipwreck
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