King Solomon: Difference between revisions
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King Solomon seems to have died of natural causes in 931 BCE at the age of 80. His son, Rehoboam led the nation to a civil war which ended a United Kingdom of Israel in in 930 BCE. | King Solomon seems to have died of natural causes in 931 BCE at the age of 80. His son, Rehoboam led the nation to a civil war which ended a United Kingdom of Israel in in 930 BCE. | ||
[[Category:Bible people]] |
Latest revision as of 09:30, 27 September 2023
Solomon, also called Jedidiah, was monarch of ancient Israel and the son and successor of King David, according to the Hebrew Bible and the Old Testament. He is described as having been the penultimate ruler of an amalgamated Israel and Judah. The hypothesized dates of Solomon's reign are from 970–931 BCE.
King Solomon is known for being the king of Israel who built the first Temple in Jerusalem. Solomon's heart had turned away from the LORD to follow other gods. It is said to have had a harem that included 700 wives[1] and 300 concubines (1 Kings 11:3)[2] was in part about the treaties and leagues he was making.[3]
Israelite people were in a Corvee system used by Egyptians. And Solomon instituted a similar system to the detriment of Solomon and Israel.
Solomon has been called a second Pharaoh by oppressing the people in a Corvee like the Bondage of Egypt.[1]
Solomon demanded compulsory labor from the people to carry out his vain building projects.
King Asa, as the son of Abijam, father of Jehoshaphat made a proclamation for forced labor where none was exempted.…"[4]
When King Josiah became king of Judah at eight years old[5] he had to rely on others for guidance and support.
In verse 13 of 2 Chronicles 34 we see the word cabbal סֹבֶל[6] suggesting that there were some, bearers of burdens, that were apart of a corvee.[7] It does appears King Josiah repaired the Temple with some of the labor of sabbalim ("corvée workers"). It is also clear that many of the workmen, artificers, and builders in context of verse 10 were actually paid for their labor[8] with money they freely received from Hilkiah the high priest.[9]
We are told he followed the way of David and broke down the altars of Baalim[10].
2 Chronicles 34: 10 And they put [it] in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the LORD, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the LORD, to repair and amend the house: 11 Even to the artificers and builders gave they [it], to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed. 12 And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them [were] Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set [it] forward; and [other of] the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick. 13 Also [they were] over the bearers of burdens[6], and [were] overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites [there were] scribes, and officers, and porters."
2 Chronicles 34:13 Also [they were] over the bearers of burdens <05449>, and [were] overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites [there were] scribes, and officers, and porters.
Nehemiah 4:10 And Judah said, The strength of the bearers of burdens <05449> is decayed, and [there is] much rubbish; so that we are not able to build the wall.
There was also corvée labor during the period of the return to Zion. The wall around Jerusalem was built by corvée laborers (Nehemiah 4:11)."<Ref>Three separate terms are used, but they are sometimes juxtaposed, a sign that the original distinctions have become blurred (see Exodus 1:11–12):
(1) mas oved (Genesis 49:10; Joshua 16:10, etc.; "compulsory labor"), and sometimes mas alone (e.g., 1 Kings 4:6; 5:27). This expression is derived from Canaanite massu, "corvée worker," attested at *El-Amarna[eastern side of the Nile River, ... temples, government establishments, utilitarian facilities such as grain silos] and *Alalakh[Bronze Age city-state ]. A Hebrew seal dating from the seventh century b.c.e. reads "belonging to Pelaiah who is in charge of the mas."
(2) sevel or cebel (= Akk. sablum), a term found in the Mari documents[The Mari or Maʾeri documents, 20,000 cuneiform tablets, give information about the earliest government, its customs, and people. More than 3000 are letters, the remainder includes administrative, economic, and judicial texts.] (18th century b.c.e.). Its particularized meaning is a labor unit for emergency use. It appears three times in the Bible, 1 Kings 11:28; Psalms 81:7; and Nehemiah 4:11. Cognate nouns from the same stem are also found in scripture: sivlot ("burdens": Exodus 1:11; Exodus 2:11; Exodus 5:4–5; Exodus 6:6–7); sabbal ("burden-bearer": 1 Kings 5:29; 2 Chronicles 2:1, 17; 2 Chronicles 34:13); subbolo ("his burden": Isaiah 9:3; Isaiah 10:27; Isaiah 14:25).
(3) perekh, sometimes said to be a term, Mesopotamian by origin, for forced labor; but its general meaning in the Bible seems to be "harshness" or "ruthlessness" (Exodus 1:11-12; Exodus 2:11; Leviticus 25:43, 46; Ezekiel 34:4). The children of Israel became familiar with corvée labor (Exodus 1:11, et al.) in the course of their wanderings, inasmuch as the slavery in Egypt was a prolonged period of compulsory labor.
Did Solomon repent at the end of his life?
It is recorded that David repented a number of times, but no record of Solomon repenting.
King Solomon seems to have died of natural causes in 931 BCE at the age of 80. His son, Rehoboam led the nation to a civil war which ended a United Kingdom of Israel in in 930 BCE.
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Deuteronomy 17:16 But he shall not multiply horses to himself, nor cause the people to return to Egypt, to the end that he should multiply horses: forasmuch as the LORD hath said unto you, Ye shall henceforth return no more that way. 17 Neither shall he multiply wives to himself, that his heart turn not away: neither shall he greatly multiply to himself silver and gold.
- ↑ 1 Kings 11:3 And he had seven hundred wives, princesses, and three hundred concubines: and his wives turned away his heart.4 For it came to pass, when Solomon was old, [that] his wives turned away his heart after other gods: and his heart was not perfect with the LORD his God, as [was] the heart of David his father.
- ↑ Judges 2:2 And ye shall make no league with the inhabitants of this land; ye shall throw down their altars: but ye have not obeyed my voice: why have ye done this?
- ↑ 1 Kings 15:22 Then king Asa made a proclamation throughout all Judah; none [was] exempted: and they took away the stones of Ramah, and the timber thereof, wherewith Baasha had builded; and king Asa built with them Geba of Benjamin, and Mizpah.
- ↑ 2 Chronicles 34:1 "Josiah [was] eight years old when he began to reign, and he reigned in Jerusalem one and thirty years."
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 05449 סַבָּל cabbal SamechBeitLamed [sab-bawl’] from 05445; n m; [BDB-688a] [{See TWOT on 1458 @@ "1458b" }] AV-bearer of burden 3, … bear burden 1, burden 1; 5
- 1) burden-bearer
- Same as 05445, 05446, 05447, 05448, 05449 סָבַל cabal with 05450 סְבָלָה cëbalah meaning forced or compulsory service which we see in Exodus 1:11; Exodus 2:11; Exodus 5:4,5; Exodus 6:6, 7.
- ס Samech The Eternal Cycle The circular symbolizes the fundamental truth described in the mystery of the ten statements [ prop... Support, turn] (Numeric value: 60)
- ב Beit Purpose: God's Dwelling Place Below - a house or God's house here. [household, in, into] (Numeric value: 2)
- ל Lamed means Aspiration of the Heart or to learn or even direct like a shepherd. It has to do with what the Hand produces, [hand is די YodDalet] or directs with staff, whip... like the tongue may direct. (Numeric value: 30)
- ↑ 2 Chronicles 34: 13 "Also [they were] over the bearers of burdens05449, and [were] overseers of all that wrought the work in any manner of service: and of the Levites [there were] scribes, and officers, and porters."
- ↑ 2 Chronicles 34: 10 And they put [it] in the hand of the workmen that had the oversight of the house of the LORD, and they gave it to the workmen that wrought in the house of the LORD, to repair and amend the house: 11 Even to the artificers and builders gave they [it], to buy hewn stone, and timber for couplings, and to floor the houses which the kings of Judah had destroyed. 12 And the men did the work faithfully: and the overseers of them [were] Jahath and Obadiah, the Levites, of the sons of Merari; and Zechariah and Meshullam, of the sons of the Kohathites, to set [it] forward; and [other of] the Levites, all that could skill of instruments of musick."
- ↑ 2 Chronicles 34:9 "And when they came to Hilkiah the high priest, they delivered the money that was brought into the house of God, which the Levites that kept the doors had gathered of the hand of Manasseh and Ephraim, and of all the remnant of Israel, and of all Judah and Benjamin; and they returned to Jerusalem."
- ↑ 2 Chronicles 34:4 And they brake down the altars of Baalim in his presence; and the images, that [were] on high above them, he cut down; and the groves, and the carved images, and the molten images, he brake in pieces, and made dust [of them], and strowed [it] upon the graves of them that had sacrificed unto them.